Can current flow in a circuit without any potential difference (voltage)?

Answered by Dr. Sana Mirza

Although this is primarily a Physics question rather than pure Chemistry, I am happy to give you a quick, clear answer! **In normal circuits, NO.** Electrons need a potential difference (voltage) to push them through resistance—just like water needs a slope to flow down a hill. Without potential difference ($V = 0$), current stops. **The Exception:** In special materials called **superconductors** (at extremely cold temperatures), resistance becomes exactly zero ($R = 0$). Here, current *can* flow indefinitely without any potential difference ($V = IR = I \times 0 = 0$). Think of it like a marble rolling on a completely frictionless floor—it keeps moving without needing a continuous push! Kya yeh basic idea clear ho gaya, or would you like to move to the next step where we look at the formula $V = IR$? [[SUGGEST_GROUP:PHYSICS]]